We also get to know the Ideas on Evolution Prior to Darwin by Aristotle, Jean Baptiste Lamarck, Charles Lyelland many more. Different scientist have different ideas on evolution for example Lamarck said evolution occurred by the inheritance of acquired characteristics. Organisms are subject to a force which moves them from simplicity to complexity and environmental forces fine-tune them to fit their biological niche more efficiently
While Darwin proposed and demonstrated that all species of life have evolved over time from common ancestors through the process he called natural selection.
This is basically what we all learn in the first week . :)